Upon successful completion of this course, the delegates will be able to:

• Apply proper techniques in power systems protection and relaying
• Identify various faults and their effects including the effect of faults on equipment
• Recognize the implications of various system grounding techniques on system performance
• Explain protection devices and technology including history, construction and principles of protection relays
• Discuss instrument transformers including current and voltage transformers as well as types, construction, performance, specification and applications
• Review tripping devices of circuit breakers and illustrate the mechanism of electric arc breakdown
• Explain the principles & calculation of settings for grading and protection coordination & cite practical examples
• Analyze overhead lines protection including the common types of faults and causes
• Implement the proper procedure for transformer protection related to restricted Buchholz relay, overpressure, oil and winding temperature
• Apply the proper procedure for motor protection by analyzing motor data requirements as well as identifying various electrical and mechanical faults
• List the various generator data requirements, types of faults, excitation fault protection and mechanical fault protection
• Identify miscellaneous protection including voltage and frequency protections, bus bar protection and circuit breaker failure protection
•  

This course is intended for electrical engineers, managers, supervisors, foremen and other technical staff involved in power systems protection and relaying.

DAY 1:

• Basic Concepts
  • Introduction to the Topic
  • Main Electric Parameters and Laws
  • Standards and Regulations
  • Standard Voltages

• Faults & Their Effects
• Types of Faults and Causes
• Lightning, Switching Overvoltage and Use of Surge Arresters
• Safety, Safety Distances and the Dangers of Faults
• Short-circuit Faults (Phase and Earth Faults)
• The Effect of Faults On Equipment (Thermal and Electromechanical Stress)
• Short-circuit Calculations
• Examples and Exercises
• Solid, Impedance and Ungrounded Systems
• The Implications of Various Grounding Techniques on System Performance
• System Grounding

DAY 2:

• System Grounding (cont’d)
  • Earth Grid and Calculations
  • Touch and Step Potentials
  • Examples and Exercises

• Protection Devices and Technology
• Introduction to Protection
• Protection Relays (History; Construction and Principles of Operation; Modern Technology)
• Classification of Protection Relays and Codes
• Main Protection and Back-up Protection
• Intelligent Electronic Devices (IED’s)
• Fuses (Characteristics, Applications and Special Cares)
• Examples and Exercises
• Current & Voltage Transformers
• Types, Construction, Performance, Specification and Applications
• Magnetisation Curve and Characteristics (Ratio, Accuracy and Burden Power)
• Testing
• Examples
• The Mechanism of Electric Arc Breakdown
• Types of Circuit Breakers and Applications (LV, MV and HV)
• Main Characteristics
• Operating Mechanism, Tripping Circuits and Control Systems
• Examples
• Instrument Transformers
• Tripping Devices – Circuit Breakers

DAY 3:

• Grading & Protection Co-ordination
  • Principles
  • Analysis in HV, MV and LV Networks (Transmission and Distribution Networks; Users’ Networks)
  • Calculation of Settings
  • LV  Approach (Typical Time-Current Curves and Selectivity of LV Circuit Breakers)
  • Practical Examples

• Overhead Lines Protection
• Analysis in HV, MV and LV Networks (Transmission and Distribution Networks) – Common Types of Faults and Causes
• Distance Protection (Principle and Application)
• Line Differential Protection (Principle and Application)
• Overcurrent Protection
• Temporary Faults and Auto-Reclosing
• Practical Examples
• Common Types of Faults and Causes 
• Differential Protection
• Overcurrent Protection (Thermal and Short-circuit)
• Basic Theory of Transformers
• Types of Transformers and Applications
• Cable Protection
• Transformer Protection

DAY 4:

• Transformer Protection (cont´d)
  • Main Electric Characteristics and Vector Group
  • Built-on Protections (Buchholz Relay, Overpressure, Oil and Winding Temperature)
  • Transformer  Differential Protection (Principle and Application)
  • Overcurrent Protection
  • Practical Examples

• Motor Protection
• Motor Data Requirements 
• Common Types of Faults (Electrical and Mechanical) 
• Motor Controllers and Starters
• Overcurrent (Phase-to Earth and Phase-to-Phase Short-circuit) and Thermal Overload Protection
• Negative Phase Sequence, Phase Unbalance and Phase Reversal Protections
• Bearing Temperature, Winding Temperature, Vibration and Blocked Rotor Protections 
• Practical Examples and Exercises
• Generator Data Requirements  and Basic Theory
• Common Types of Faults (Electrical and Mechanical)

• Generator Protection

DAY 5:

• Protection (cont’d)
  • Rotor and Stator Electric Faults Protection
  • Excitation Fault Protection
  • Voltage and Power (Reverse Power) Protections
  • Overfrequency and Overspeed Protections 
  • Mechanical Faults Protection
  • Practical Examples and Exercises

• Miscellaneous Protections
• Voltage and Frequency Protections
• Bus Bar Protection
• Circuit Breaker Failure Protection
• Scheme Design 
• SAT and FAT 
• Commissioning
• Maintenance and Testing
• Protection Relay Management

A variety of methodologies will be used during the course that includes:

• ​(30%) Based on Case Studies
• (30%) Techniques 
• (30%) Role Play
• (10%) Concepts
• Pre-test and Post-test
• Variety of Learning Methods
• Lectures
• Case Studies and Self Questionaires
• Group Work
• Discussion
• Presentation

This rate includes participant’s manual, Hand-Outs, buffet lunch, coffee/tea on arrival, morning & afternoon of each day.

Daily Course Timings:

    08:00 - 08:20       Morning Coffee / Tea

    08:20 - 10:00       First Session

    10:00 - 10:20       Coffee / Tea / Snacks

    10:20 - 12:20       Second Session

    12:20 - 13:30       Lunch Break & Prayer Break

    13:30 - 15:00       Last Session